Improvement in steam-boilers



UNITED STATES` PATENT OEEIcE.

IMPROVEMENT IN' STEAM-BOILERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent N o. 117,251, dated July 25, 1871.

To all whom 'it may concern:

Beit known that I, N ATHANIEL L. BLANCH- ARD, of Spuyten Duyvil, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Steam-Boilers; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable others skilled in the art to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawing forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to a new and useful improvement in boilers for the generation of steam, and is based upon the idea that uninterrupted circulation of the whole body of water in a boiler is a barrier to obtaining the best results in produeing steam in such boiler; and the invention consists in the introduction of diaphragms or partitions or their equivalents, which shall form separate water-compartments in steam-boilers,

such compartments being so arranged that theheated gases and products of combustion, in their @course from the fire-box through tubes or in contact with surfaces to the up-take]7 shall come in contact with surfaces of a gradually-decreasing temperature, the variations in temperature of such surfaces being caused by the division of the body of water within the boiler by means of the diaphragms or partitions or their equivalents, as will be hereinafter more fully described.

In the accompanying drawing, Figure l represents avertical longitudinal section of the boiler taken on the line of Fig. 2.

- improvement applied to what is known as the locomotive-boiler, but I do not by any means coniine myself to that class of boilers, as my partirtions or diaphragms may be arranged in the ordinary flue or plane-cylinder boiler, or separate vessels may be arranged so as to prevent a general circulation of the water. I am aware that in my efforts to prevent a general circulation of Fig. 2 is a top A view partly in section. Fig. 3 is a vertical cross- Water in a steam-boiler, or in a series of connected boilers, I am running in direct opposition to the generally-received theory, as the eifort has heretofore been to produce just what I am endeavoring to prevent-that is, a general circulation of the whole body of water from which the steam is generated.

In this case I employ three series of tubes, through which the heated gases pass in their course to the up-take, as indicated by the arrows. G and H represent the diaphragms or partitions by which these series of tubes are separated.

The feed-water is pumped into the boiler through the pipe I. The steam is discharged for use through the pipe J. The diaphragms G and H obstruct, if they do not entirely prevent, the circulation of the water, and the'products of combustion will, in their course to the smoke-box, pass over surfaces or through tubes of graduallydiminishing temperature. The sediment will naturally settle in the lower compartment K, from whence it may be readily removed by having a large man-hole or two hand-holes in the bottom of the shell. The water whichV iills the waterlegs of the boiler will consequently be nearly or quite pure. L is a flue connected with the ijrebox, which is made to divert a portion of the heat before it enters the flues of the water-space and conduct it through the steam-drum E. M is the steam-space of the boiler. The steam passes into the drum through the pipe N. By this means the steam is thoroughly dried and superheated before it is taken out of the drum for use. O is a valve, by means of which the quantity of heat which enters the ue L is regulated. This valve is operated by the expansion and contraction of the rod P, (or upon the Thermostadt principle,) in the steam-drum E. R is a valve, which is connected with the rod l), by which the draught through the upper series of lues is regulated. The heated gases and products of combustion which are allowed to pass through the steamdrum are returned and made to pass through the second series of re-tube's, as indicated by arrow l. S is a valve-damper, by the opening of which a direct draught from the iire-box to the stack is obtained. In starting lire in the re-boX this arrangement is of much importance. T T are orifices through the diaphragms Gr H, to allow the feed-water to pass upward from the lower il?, 25H.

between several sets of tubes, to operate upon the circulation of Water in the manner described, and for the purpose specied.

3. The valves O R, combined, as described, with the rod P in steam-drum F, for the purpose speciiied.

NATHANIEL L. BLANCHARD.

Vitnesses:v

GEO. W. MAEEE, ALEX. F. RoEEE'rs. 

